The pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) is a domesticated subspecies of the wild boar and one of the most widespread livestock animals in the world. Domesticated over 9,000 years ago in multiple regions, pigs have been raised primarily for meat, but also provide leather, bristles, and other by-products.
Adult pigs typically weigh between 50 and 350 kilograms depending on breed and purpose. They are omnivores with a highly adaptable diet, capable of consuming a wide variety of plant and animal matter. Pigs are intelligent animals, known for their problem-solving abilities, complex social behavior, and keen sense of smell, which makes them useful in tasks such as truffle hunting.
Physically, pigs are recognized by their stout bodies, short legs, and distinctive snouts, which they use for rooting in soil. They are social creatures that prefer group living and communicate with a wide range of vocalizations.
Culturally, pigs hold varied symbolism—sometimes associated with abundance and fertility, and in other contexts with excess. They remain a significant part of agriculture and cuisine across much of the world.
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